apache language wikipedia

[29] The Chiricahua-type system is used by the Chiricahua, Mescalero, and Western Apache. Collins, Melanie Ruth. The Lipan Apache … Although the following activities were not distinguished by Europeans or Euro-Americans, Apache tribes made clear distinctions between raiding (for profit) and war. In 1900, the US government classified the members of the Apache tribe in the United States as Pinal Coyotero, Jicarilla, Mescalero, San Carlos, Tonto, and White Mountain Apache. opposite-sex father's brother's child or mother's sister's child)". The degree of avoidance differed in different Apache groups. ", "2010 Enduring Spirit Award Honors Native Women", Myths and Tales from the San Carlos Apache, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Apache&oldid=1002679205, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Articles needing additional references from January 2014, All articles needing additional references, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2013, Articles containing Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai-language text, Articles needing additional references from October 2013, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2014, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from January 2014, Articles with Spanish-language sources (es), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, A full list of 134 ethnobotany plant uses for Western Apache can be found at, A full list of 165 ethnobotany plant uses for White Mountain Apache can be found at, A full list of 14 ethnobotany plant uses for the San Carlos Apache can be found at. All Apache peoples lived in extended family units (or family clusters); they usually lived close together, with each nuclear family in separate dwellings. Het draait op een cluster van computers dat bestaat uit commodity hardware.In het ontwerp van de Hadoop-softwarecomponenten is rekening gehouden met … xòòš "cactus" and séé "dust". In addition, an Apache individual has different ways of identification with a group, such as a band or clan, as well as the larger tribe or language grouping, which can add to the difficulties in an outsider comprehending the distinctions. The tepee type was just made of brush. [15] Other Athabaskan-speaking people in North America continue to reside in Alaska, western Canada, and the Northwest Pacific Coast. The most important plant food used by the Chiricahua was the Century plant (also known as mescal or agave). The Western Apache and Navajo also had a system of matrilineal "clans" that were organized further into phratries (perhaps influenced by the western Pueblo). Additionally, all vowels may be either short or long and nasal or oral. Brugge, David M. (1983). 2002, Daniel López Ridruejo, Daniel Lopez, Ian Kallen, Sams Teach … De N'de zijn, net als hun buren de Dineh, afstammelingen van een Na-dene-sprekend nomadisch volk uit het McKenzie Basin in Canada. However, the Navajo did have "the outfit", a group of relatives that was larger than the extended family, but not as large as a local group community or a band. When the Spanish arrived in the area, trade between the long established Pueblo peoples and the Southern Athabaskan was well established. Numerous other fruits, vegetables, and tuberous roots were also used. Minks, weasels, wildcats and wolves were not eaten but hunted for their body parts. (Unpublished manuscript). The dome-shaped dwelling or wickiup, the usual home type for all the Chiricahua bands, has already been described ... Said a Central Chiricahua informant. Kiowa Apache Raiding Behavior. Lipan is reported extinct. (1983). History: Jewelry. The most important plant food used by the Lipan was agave (mescal). Seymour, Deni J. The Western Apache criteria for evaluating a good chief included: industriousness, generosity, impartiality, forbearance, conscientiousness, and eloquence in language. Whistles were sometimes used to lure animals closer. "Chiricahua Apache", in A. Ortiz (Ed.). Other hunted animals were badgers, bears, beavers, fowls, geese, opossums, otters, rabbits and turtles. The term jicarilla comes from the Spanish word for "little gourd. Other plants were utilized for only their religious or medicinal value. /h/ is in free variation with /x/ preceding /a/ and also does not occur before /o/. The primary game of the Chiricahua was the deer followed by pronghorn. Unfortunately, Apache's module page doesn't list third party modules. Many Apache ceremonies use masked representations of religious spirits. Hunting was done primarily by men, although there were sometimes exceptions depending on animal and culture (e.g. The notion of "tribe" in Apache cultures is very weakly developed; essentially it was only a recognition "that one owed a modicum of hospitality to those of the same speech, dress, and customs. Many Apache peoples joined together several local groups into "bands". The traditional and sometimes treacherous relationships continued between the villages and bands with the independence of Mexico in 1821. A smoke hole opens above a central fireplace. If one is a female, then one's brother is called -´-ląh and one's sister is called -kʼis. Basso, Keith H. (1969). In early 20th century Parisian society, the word Apache was adopted into French, essentially meaning an outlaw.[10]. A typical verb might be inflected as follows: In this case, ši- is the indirect object prefix in slot 1, -a- is the postposition in slot 2, -yi- is the direct object prefix in slot 7, -dí- is the modal prefix in slot 11, slots 12 and 13 are occupied by zero morphemes, and ʔą̀ą̀ is the stem in slot 14. They do not cultivate the land, but eat raw meat and drink the blood of the cattle they kill. These beaded designs historically resembled that of the Great Basin Paiute and is characterized by linear patterning. paču meaning "Navajos" (the plural of paču "Navajo"). The most elaborate system was among the Chiricahua, where men had to use indirect polite speech toward and were not allowed to be within visual sight of the wife's female relatives, whom he had to avoid. It had a place for a fire in the center. Eating certain animals was taboo. Oklahoma Papers in Anthropology 20(2): 33-47. Lesser game included: cottontail rabbits (but not jack rabbits), opossums, squirrels, surplus horses, surplus mules, wapiti (elk), wild cattle, wood rats. ʔą̀ą̀ʔą̀ʔ "magpie"). "The loss of Athapaskan words for fish in the Southwest". Only a few hundred ever returned to their lands. Other items include: salt obtained from caves and honey. -chú can mean the child of either your own daughter or your sibling's daughter.). In May, the Western Apache baked and dried agave crowns that were pounded into pulp and formed into rectangular cakes. Another important plant was sotol. All tribes practiced sororate and levirate marriages. Some of these nouns may change their meaning when preceded by ʔí-, such as ʔí-bèʔ "milk" versus bí-bèʔ "her breast". An analogous alternation is true of /o/ [u~o], although this variation is more free, and is lexicalized by some speakers in certain words. Beavers, minks, muskrats, and weasels were also hunted for their hides and body parts but were not eaten. "The Jicarilla Apache". Apache Kafka More than 80% of all Fortune 100 companies trust, and use Kafka. Apache OpenOffice Impress is een onderdeel van het pakket Apache OpenOffice dat ook Writer, Calc, Base en Draw bevat. Oklahoma Papers in Anthropology 12(1): 1-34. Kiowa Apache is the only member of the Kiowa Apache … A competing theory[who?] In April 1541, while traveling on the plains east of the Pueblo region, Francisco Coronado referred to the people as "dog nomads." They dress in the skins of the cattle, with which all the people in this land clothe themselves, and they have very well-constructed tents, made with tanned and greased cowhides, in which they live and which they take along as they follow the cattle. Indeed, there can be little doubt that the Apache has been transformed from a native American into an American legend, the fanciful and fallacious creation of a non-Indian citizenry whose inability to recognize the massive treachery of ethnic and cultural stereotypes has been matched only by its willingness to sustain and inflate them. Anthropologists believe the use of masks and sandpainting are examples of cultural diffusion from neighboring Pueblo cultures.[41]. [released in 1995]quotations ▼ 3.1. Also the slaughter of animals must be performed following certain religious guidelines (many of which are recorded in religious stories) from prescribing how to cut the animals, what prayers to recite, and proper disposal of bones. It allows multiple fonts and can export to PDF.. Skunks were eaten only in emergencies. De officiële home page van het Apache OpenOffice open source project, thuisbasis van OpenOffice Writer, Calc, Impress, Draw en Base. Glorified by novelists, sensationalized by historians, and distorted beyond credulity by commercial film makers, the popular image of 'the Apache' — a brutish, terrifying semi-human bent upon wanton death and destruction — is almost entirely a product of irresponsible caricature and exaggeration. It was just thrown together.

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